The act of counterfeiting money is as old as money itself. There is archeological evidence of the Ancient Greeks making counterfeit coins out of base metals that were mixed with the shavings of authentic coins. The mixture was softened and poured into a crude mold carved to resemble the real thing. Today, the methods of counterfeiting money are much more sophisticated – but so are the anti-counterfeiting methods.
Modern counterfeiting begins with the advent of paper money. On a global scale, counterfeiting has been used as a means of international (and sometimes national) warfare. During the American Revolutionary War of 1785, England sought to overflow the colonies of North America with fake currency in order to devalue the Continental Dollar. The same tactic was used during the American Civil War. The effect on society, whether intentional or not, can be devastating. The value of authentic currency is reduced, and could lead to a national economic collapse. Inflation rises as a response to an artificial increase of cash flow on the part of the consumer. Plus, as more counterfeit bills float around and are discovered, companies who have taken them in as actual payment are not reimbursed for the fake money. In turn, they must raise prices of products and services as an effort to recoup losses. Finally, businesses become more strict in their methods of accepting cash. In an effort to reduce the chance of taking in counterfeit bills, businesses may demand electronic transfers, payments made with credit cards or even the use of an alternate currency.
The exchange of a nation’s currency is based on trust. Once that trust is compromised, there is an escalating breakdown of confidence in the governing body. It is therefore very important to retain the integrity of money. Traditionally, anti-counterfeiting practices have focused on very fine detail that would be easy for the layperson to spot if they were omitted from the bill. For example, raised intaglio printing, multi-colored bills, embedded security strips, and holograms. Since advances in digital art software and printing technology there has been a need for even more sophisticated methods of protection against counterfeiting. For example, the Euro has the EURion constellation, a pattern of stars on the bill that will not show up when it is photocopied. Government agencies have also taken it upon themselves to set regular milestones for changing and further securing the authenticity of their money. The US government has redesigned particular denominations of bills every year since 1996 and will continue to do so.
The most common counterfeit detection device used by the average retailer is a specialized pen. It contains a kind of ink that will disappear instantly on authentic US paper money, but make a black mark on counterfeit US money. All the retailer need do is make a small dot or line on the bill at the time of acceptance and the answer will be immediate. A black light is also a popular device used for counterfeit detection in American bills. When place under a black light, the embedded security strip on a genuine $20US bill will glow. If it doesn’t glow, its a fake. Alternatively, retailers are invited to check bills by holding them up to a light and looking for a hologram. Each denomination has a different image. Another option is for the retailer is to rub the bill very hard on a white piece of paper, if the ink from the bill leaves a mark on the paper then it is genuine. If there is no mark, it’s a fake. Depending on the condition of the money, these last two methods may not work.
There will always be people looking to make some easy money, literally. It is the job of the government to find new ways to counteract their actions, but it is the responsibility of anyone receiving currency to ensure it is authentic. After all, if you accept counterfeit money as payment for a product of service, then you are incurring a 100% loss on the transaction.
Donald Berger is a representative of Bank Supplies Direct. Bank Supplies Direct is a world-class distributor of security, cash handling and metal products serving the financial, office products, retail, and hospitality industries. Our growth has come from consistently supplying long-lasting, reliable products. For more information about bank supplies, visit us online today!